Specification:Window hardware and fittings

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=GENERAL=

DESCRIPTION
 This specification provides guidance for the appropriate repair of existing window hardware and fittings and the supply and installation of new window hardware and fittings. This specification has been developed for use on historic properties (defined as any district, site, buildings, structure, or object that is listed in or eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places) and provides an overview of accepted practices. All work described herein and related work must conform to the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties. The Contractor shall provide all labor, materials, equipment, and operations required to complete the rehabilitation work indicated herein. All work described herein and related work must have the approval of a Cultural Resources Manager, Conservator, Historic Architect, or other professional who meets the standards outlines in the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards – Professional Qualifications Standards pursuant to 36 CFR 61. Such person is referred to in this document as the Architect. The Architect will provide site-specific specifications, when appropriate. 

SECTION INCLUDES
 Restore existing window hardware and fittings</li> Furnish and install new window hardware and fittings</li> </ol>

RELATED SECTIONS
<ol type="A"> Section 05010 – Historic Metals</li> Section 06200.01 – Fasteners for Historic Exterior Wood</li> Section 08500.01 – In Kind Replacement of Metal Windows</li> Section 08510.01 – Metal Window Restoration</li> Section 08610.01 – Wood Window Restoration</li> Section 08610.02 – In Kind Replacement of Wood Windows</li> </ol>

SUBMITTALS
<ol type="A"> Hardware Schedule: The Contractor shall submit a detailed description of items to be removed and repaired or replaced, including procedures for removal of hardware to be repaired, storage, preparation, repair, and re-installation. Submittal shall include a window schedule with an itemized list of all existing and replacement window hardware required for each opening, including fasteners and fittings.</li> Restoration Product Literature: The Contractor shall submit manufacturer’s product literature to Architect for all proprietary products specified for repair and restoration of hardware. Product literature shall include specification data, Material Safety Data Sheets, and instructions for storage, handling, and use.</li> New Window Hardware Product Literature: The Contractor submit manufacturer’s product literature for all new window hardware required. Literature shall consist of catalog cuts showing dimensions, materials, finishes, and installation details for each item.</li> Samples: The Contractor shall submit for approval by Architect one sample of each new item of window hardware that is to be used. Approved samples will be returned to the Contractor for use on the project.</li> </ol>

QUALITY ASSURANCE
<ol type="A"> The Contractor shall have a minimum of seven (7) years experience in the restoration of historic windows and/or architectural hardware. The contractor shall also demonstrate a working knowledge e of the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties.</li> Warranty for hardware: The Contractor shall provide manufacturers’ standard warranties for all new hardware as well as a two (2) year written warranty for installation.</li> </ol>

MOCK-UPS
<ol type="A"> The Contractor, at locations determined by the Architect, shall prepare mock-ups of the following work:  In conjunction with completion of required window restoration work or in-kind replacement, prepare one window of each type required for the project complete with all new and restored hardware items installed and operable for review and approval by the Architect</li> </ol> </li> <li>Number of mock-ups: More than one mock-up may be required to be acceptable for approval. The Contractor shall prepare at least three mock-ups of each type (moveable and fixed), if required by the Architect, without further compensation. Approved test panels shall become part of the work and shall serve as the quality standard for all similar work.</li> </ol>

DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
<ol type="A"> <li>Deliver restoration materials and proprietary products to the project site in the manufacturer’s or distributor’s packaging, undamaged, complete with instructions and Material Safety Data Sheets as applicable.</li> <li>Transport and store new and restored hardware in sturdy, secure containers, padded as necessary to prevent damage to finish surfaces. Store all hardware in a secure location, preferably offsite, until ready for installation.</li> <li>If existing window hardware is permanently removed due to breakage or severe deterioration, a minimum of three samples of each type and style of fastener shall be labeled and retained as evidence of the structure’s historic construction. These shall be labeled and submitted to the Architect. Labels should include all of the necessary information to identify their approximate age, use, and location on the structure.</li> </ol>

PROJECT / SITE CONDITIONS
<ol type="A"> <li>The Contractor is responsible for protecting existing adjacent materials during the execution of the work. Provide all necessary protection and work procedures to avoid damage to existing material assemblies not a part of the work of this Section. At a minimum, the Contractor shall: <ol> <li>Protect windows, including glass and finish surfaces, from damage during removal and installation of hardware and related repairs. Damage to existing windows shall be repaired to the satisfaction of, and at no additional cost to, the owner.</li> <li>Protect existing shutters, awnings, trim, walls, and window treatments and hangings from damage during removal and installation of hardware and related repairs. Damage to existing windows shall be repaired to the satisfaction of, and at no additional cost to, the owner.</li> </ol> </li> <li>The Contractor shall be responsible for disposal of waste materials and other debris associated with the work of this Section in accordance with local, state, and federal environmental regulations.</li> <li>Coordinate window hardware removal, restoration, and installation with other trades working on or around the windows including, but not limited to, window restoration carpentry, glazing, painting, and window treatments.</li> </ol> =PRODUCTS=

GENERAL
<ol type="A"> <li>Traditional hardware for historic windows can be broken into the following seven broad categories: balance systems; locks and latches; handles, arms, hinges, and operators; weather-stripping; lifts and pulls; metal window tracks and channels; and others. Hardware usually varied by window type such as that found on a double-hung window compared to that on a projecting window. Certain hardware applications were specific to a particular window material (wood or metal). The type of hardware and finish historically used on a structure were influenced by many factors such as local and regional practices, technology, building use, architectural style, and costs.</li> <li>Hardware removed from a specific window for repair shall be reinstalled on the same window except where the Architect has established that a certain hardware type is interchangeable in its form, finish, and condition for a group of windows.</li> <li>For repair of hardware see Section 05010 – Historic Metals.</li> </ol>

HARDWARE
<ol type="A"> <li>Balance systems: Some sash relied on friction to operate and others, such as casement windows, utilized hardware other than balances to aid in the opening and closing of a sash. Yet is most instances, particularly with hung sash, balances were utilized for opening and closing. The sash weight and pulley system is the most common form but other types of historic balances can be found, such as tape or spring balances. While most of a balance system usually is not visible, the Contractor shall still make every effort to repair and reuse the historic hardware. Where the balance system has failed and cannot be repaired, matching replacement units shall be installed. In some cases, the Architect may specify the upgrading of the balance system, such changing worn sash chords to sash chain on larger windows.</li> <li>Locks and latches: In some cases, the Architect may determine the need to supplement existing hardware in order to provide for improved air tightness of the window or for enhanced security. Such supplemental hardware shall only be installed where it does not alter the historic character of the window and does not weaken the unit. New hardware shall supplement rather than replace the historic latches and/or lifts.</li> <li>Handles, arms, hinges, and operators: This hardware was not only functional but also was often decorative. Hardware may be worn but still functional, necessitating care in remounting the hardware in its original location after any needed repairs. Companies specializing in the repair and/or replication of such hardware or their components may be required to be used by the Contractor in cases where one or more types of the window hardware is determined to by the Architect to be of special significance. In all cases, repair of historic hardware shall not alter the historic appearance of the hardware nor diminish the intended means of operation.</li> <li>Lifts and pulls: Lifts and pulls on historic sash came in a wide range of styles and methods of attachment. Most were surface applications, while some were recessed flush to the surface of the sash. In cases where the Architect has determined the need to supplement the existing hardware for ease of use, the new hardware shall only be installed where it does not alter the historic character of the window and does not weaken the unit. New hardware shall supplement rather than replace the historic lifts and pulls.</li> <li>Weather-stripping: Some or all of the windows may have been originally constructed with integrated weather-stripping or relied simply on surface applications. In such cases, the Contractor shall consult with the Architect to establish to what extent the historic weather-stripping shall be repaired and retained, replaced in kind, replaced with substitute material, or supplemented. In other cases, the windows may have received later non-historic applications of weather-stripping that were retrofitted so as to be integral with the sash and frame or were surface applications. Where later non-historic retrofits of weather-stripping have occurred, the weather-stripping shall be repaired or replaced as determined by the Architect. Where it is possible to retrofit new weather-stripping without changing the appearance of the historic window and without distorting the sash alignment, install new weather-stripping, contingent upon approval by the Architect.</li> <li>Metal window tracks and channels: Window tracks and channels can be essential components of historic windows; in such cases they shall be repaired whenever possible rather than replaced. When matching new tracks and channels are available, deteriorated ones that are damaged or beyond repair shall be replaced to restore the full ease of operation of the window unit. The retrofit of metal tracks and channels to existing windows in order to upgrade their performance shall only be undertaken in a manner that preserves the historic appearance of the window and only after approval by the Architect of a test sample.</li> <li>Others: Historic hardware other than that described above shall be repaired and preserved whenever possible. Special historic features such as a manufacturer’s metal nameplate or paper sticker shall be protected throughout any repair and not be damaged or removed without specific approval of the Architect.</li> </ol>

GENERAL
<ol type="A"> <li>Window hardware and fittings shall only be replaced if they are missing, beyond repair, or are later replacements that are not compatible with the historic window on which they were used. In the event of missing hardware, research should be conducted to determine the appropriate type(s) of hardware for the age and style of the building in question.</li> </ol>

REPLACEMENT / INSTALLATION OF HARDWARE
<ol type="A"> <li>All hardware and fittings shall be installed in a manner consistent with the age and historic character of the building. Refer to Section 08500.01, In Kind Replacement of Metal Windows and Section 08610.02, In Kind Replacement of Wood Windows, plus the relevant National Park Service Preservation Briefs and Preservation Tech Notes.</li> <li>When removing and installing hardware, care should be exercised to avoid damage to the existing historic woodwork/metalwork and to other interior and exterior surfaces.</li> <li>In removing hardware to undertake repair, original screws, pins, and other means of attachment should be carefully unfastened and not damaged, as these components are intended for reuse. In cases where fasteners are improperly sized, excessive worn, damaged, or otherwise deteriorated beyond reuse, replacements must match the historic fasteners in appearance. Historic brass slot-headed screws, for example, shall not be replaced with steel cross-headed screws.</li> <li>When removing individual pieces of hardware, each should be marked as to the specific window and the location on that window as parts may not be interchangeable. Where it has been determined by the Architect and the Contractor that parts are interchangeable, the tagging of each piece of hardware as to window location may not be necessary.</li> <li>After removing existing hardware, patch and sand surface defects or cracks in mounting surfaces of window sash and/or frame. Remove accumulated paint around hardware mounting location to ensure a flat surface. Prime and paint mounting location in accordance with related Sections and specifications.</li> <li>Clean existing window hardware to be re-used, removing encrusted paint, grime, and grease using detergents and cleaning solvents as required. Protect historic finish where in good condition. Cleaning solvents shall not be used on hardware with polished or decorative finish without specific prior approval of products and application techniques by Architect. In such cases, a test sample shall be prepared for approval by Architect. The use of abrasive cleansers is not permitted without prior approval of Architect.</li> <li>Polish handles, faceplates, and other hardware using the gentlest means possible when restoring the historic finish on hardware. Apply clear protective coating to finish where specified by Architect.</li> <li>Install restored / replacement hardware at original hardware locations where possible. <ol> <li>Where window sashes / frames are racked or out of level, coordinate with window restoration work to correct conditions. Lock and latch plates should be shimmed for proper functioning only where it is determined that it will not acerbate existing alignment problems. Shim material shall match frame/sash material (i.e. metal shims to be used on metal windows).</li> <li>Where original mounting holes are enlarged and/or deteriorated, it may be possible to fill holes with appropriate filler or consolidation compound. If necessary, hardware location may be shifted for secure fastening. Consult with Architect before changing hardware locations.</li> <li>Where existing hardware has been mortised or otherwise attached to a sash in a way that has weakened the sash such at a joint, such conditions should be brought to the attention of the Architect for consideration of possible remedial work.</li> <li>Where screw holes in metal are stripped, re-tap with next larger size screw if conditions permit.</li> </ol> </li> <li>Following installation, lubricate moving metal surfaces as necessary and check all hardware for proper function.</li> </ol>

FINAL REPORT
<ol type="A"> <li>Contractor shall provide a final report including copies of approved submittals, and photographs of the hardware work taken before, during, and after the repair and/or installation work, and a written description of the executed work..</li> </ol>