Specification:Surface preparation and repainting of metal surfaces

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=GENERAL=

SECTION INCLUDES
 Surface Preparation of Metal Surfaces for Painting Application of Paint on Metal Surfaces 

RELATED SECTIONS
 05010.02 – General Cleaning of Metal 07600.02 – In Kind Replacement of Metal Roofing 08510.01 – Metal Window Restoration 

SUBMITTALS
 Repainting Schedule: Submit a detailed schedule to the Architect for approval of all areas of historic metal to be repainted, including an historic paint analysis, and assessment of the problem surfaces and specifications for all new coating(s) that are to be applied.</li> Testing: Provide paint analysis to determine appropriate paint colors for the restoration period and paint composition, as appropriate. If available, match paint color to the manufacturer’s standard color if available or provide it in the form of a notation in a standardized color system such as CIE L*a*b* that can be duplicated by a paint manufacturer. Munsell notations are not acceptable. An architectural conservator specializing in analysis of historic paints and finishes must perform this work.</li> Product Literature: Submit manufacturer product literature to architect for all paint and accessory products specified. Include specification data, Material Safety Data Sheets and instructions for storage, handling and use with product.  Provide detailed mixing, thinning and application instructions, minimum and maximum application temperature, and curing and drying times for each product submitted.</li> Provide a certificate stating that products proposed for use meet the VOC regulations of the local Air Pollution Control Districts having jurisdiction over the geographical area in which the project is located.</li> </ol> </li> Safety Plan: Submit a Safety Plan for painting systems in accordance with OSHA regulations.</li> Samples: The Contractor shall submit samples of the following paint materials for approval of color match and texture match. No work shall proceed until all samples are approved.  Color samples: Prepare at least three portable samples, approximately six inches by six inches, of each standard and custom color as identified by the historic paint analysis. Once a matching paint color is achieved, begin placement of on-site mock-ups.</li> Drawdown samples: Once a paint supplier has been determined for the project, provide drawdown samples (six inches by six inches minimum) of the actual paint to be used on the project for comparison with previously approved samples. Provide one drawdown sample for each color/gloss to be used on the project.</li> </ol> </li> </ol>

QUALITY ASSURANCE
<ol type="A"> The Contractor shall have a minimum of seven years experience in the repainting of historic structures, including experience in painting metal surfaces. The Contractor shall also demonstrate a working knowledge of the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Historic Preservation. Submittal of examples of similarly executed finished projects on the appropriate type of metal is required.</li> The Contractor shall not change sources or manufacturers of paint materials during the course of the work. Primers and finish paint shall be from the same manufacturer/brand.</li> Installer shall provide a warranty, in writing, against defects in material and installation for a period of two years after substantial completion of the work. Installer shall make immediate repairs as required to correct defects in the work, regardless of the nature of the defect, except for repairs required due to abuse, alterations or failure of the substrate.</li> </ol>

MOCK-UPS
<ol type="A"> After selection of a paint color from the portable samples, the Contractor shall prepare one mock-up installation for each color to be installed at locations selected by the Architect. If cleaning tests are also to take place, test panels should be located in the same area. Test panels should be undertaken in areas that are highly visible. Perform each test panel in the same manner as the final installation. Test panels shall be a minimum area of three feet by three feet. Inspect test panels for color and application technique.</li> The Contractor shall prepare up to three additional mock-ups of each paint color without further compensation. Approved test area(s) shall become part of the work and shall serve as the quality standard for all subsequent work.</li> </ol>

DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
<ol type="A"> Deliver restoration cleaning and testing materials and proprietary products to the project site in manufacturer’s or distributor’s packaging, undamaged, complete with application instructions and Material Safety Data Sheets.</li> <li>Store and transport cleaning agents, chemicals, and solvents within the temperature range recommended by the manufacturer and out of direct sunlight. Handle all materials following manufacturer’s instructions. <ol> <li>Store paint removers, solvents and other chemicals used for surface preparation in sealed containers that legibly show the designated name, formula or specification number, quantity, date of manufacture, manufacturer's directions including any warnings and special precautions, manufacturer's formulation number, and name of manufacturer.</li> <li>Store paint materials, thinners, and cleaners in tightly closed containers in a covered, well-ventilated area where they will not be exposed to excessive heat, sparks, flame, or direct sunlight. Protect water-based materials from freezing. Remove flammable materials from the site daily.</li> </ol> </li> <li>Collect and dispose of waste material, packaging, debris and effluent associated with the work in accordance with local, state and federal environmental regulations. Remove flammable materials from the site daily.</li> </ol>

PROJECT/SITE CONDITIONS
<ol type="A"> <li>Perform the tasks in this Section only when the air and surface temperatures are between 45 degrees F and 95 degrees F, unless specifically pre-approved by the supervising Architect and the product manufacturer.</li> <li>Do not apply exterior painting in rainy weather or when rain is imminent. Do not apply paints or coatings when the temperature or humidity is outside the limits recommended by the manufacturer.</li> <li>Post "WET PAINT" signs to indicate newly painted surfaces.</li> <li>The Contractor is responsible for protecting existing adjacent materials during the execution of the work. Provide all necessary protection and work procedures to prevent damage to existing material assemblies not a part of the work of this Section. At a minimum, the Contractor shall remove and reinstall or provide acceptable protection for hardware, accessories, lighting components, electrical components, factory-finished materials, fixtures, fittings and any other materials that may become splattered or damaged by painting work.</li> <li>The Contractor shall coordinate painting work with the other trades involved in exterior and interior restoration work including, but not limited to, masonry restoration, window restoration, metalwork and sealants. Complete metal repair work prior to any application of exterior paint in the affected areas.</li> <li>Provide gloves, respirators, and protective clothing to personnel handling or applying toxic materials in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations for the product and in accordance with OSHA regulations.</li> <li>Place cloths, cotton waste, and other debris that might constitute a fire hazard in closed metal containers and remove them at the end of each day. Remove containers from the site or destroy them in an approved manner. Remove preparation materials and other debris on adjacent surfaces and clean the job site in order to prepare for painting.</li> <li>The Contractor shall be responsible for disposal of waste materials and other debris associated with the work of this Section in accordance with local, state and federal environmental regulations.</li> <li>Lead Based Paint: <ol> <li>Areas to be prepared for repainting might retain coatings from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.</li> <li>The Contractor should assume that all existing painted surfaces contain lead unless tested to show otherwise, and should therefore take all necessary actions and precautions while scraping, sanding, removing and disposing of any existing paint to assure safety of the public, property, environment and workers. <li>This includes compliance with all applicable regulations including, but not limited to, the following:</li> <li>OSHA 29 CFR 1926.62 (Lead in construction).</li> <li>OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134 (Respiratory protection).</li> <li>OSHA Hazard Communication Standard.</li> </ol> <li>Compliance with all other applicable health, safety and environmental requirements of the government agencies having jurisdiction including, but not limited to:</li> <li>State Department of Environmental Resources.</li> <li>State Department of Labor.</li> <li>State Department of Health.</li> <li>Federal OSHA.</li> <li>Federal Environmental Protection Agency.</li> </ol> <li>Comply with requirements of governmental agencies having jurisdiction over this work, including compliance with volatile organic compounds/volatile organic solvent regulations and abrasive surface preparation.</li> </ol> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> =PRODUCTS=

PAINT MATERIALS
<ol type="A"> <li>Acrylic Latex Paint: Provide best quality grade of various types of coatings as regularly manufactured by acceptable manufacturers. Reject materials not displaying manufacturer’s identification as a best-grade product. All paint shall be from the same manufacturer and appropriate for the conditions encountered on the job site.</li> <li>Oil/alkyd based paints: Provide best quality grade of various types of coatings as regularly manufactured by acceptable manufacturers. All paint used shall be from the same manufacturer and shall be appropriate for the conditions encountered on the job site. Reject materials not displaying manufacturer’s identification as a best-grade product.</li> <li>Inorganic Paints: <ol> <li>Inorganic paints are generally used for steel structures such as bridges and consist of a metallic-rich coating that prevents corrosion by forming an inorganic barrier to moisture and solvents. Inorganic paints are sometimes referred to as mineral silicate paint, zinc silicate paint or zinc rich paint. Inorganic zinc coatings are comprised of powdered zinc metal mixed into an inorganic silicate paint binder. This binder can be either solvent-borne (ethyl silicate) or waterborne (alkali silicate). The concentration of zinc powder in the mixed coating is about 80 percent by weight for the best performing inorganic zinc paints.</li> <li>Choose the best primer to match the surface type and to be a lighter color than the finish coat. Primer shall be compatible with the paint type and should be used according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.</li> <li>Paint: Use two-component, acid catalyzed single component or self-cure, silicate, zinc-rich paint supplied by the same manufacturer as the primer (to ensure compatibility). See manufacturers’ recommendations for complete multi-part coating systems.</li> </ol> </li> </ol>

ACCESSORY MATERIALS
<ol type="A"> <li>Paint stripper for metal shall be a commercial grade thixotropic solution suitable for spray application and containing no wax and no chlorinated solvents.</li> <li>Fillers should be compatible with the paint type and should be used according to manufacturer’s recommendations.</li> <li>Mineral spirits should be used if compatible with paint type and used according to manufacturer’s recommendations. <ol> <li>Mineral spirits is a petroleum distillate that is used particularly as a paint or varnish thinner.</li> <li>Other chemical or common names include: Benzine; Naphtha; Petroleum spirits and Solvent naphtha.</li> </ol> </li> </ol>

EQUIPMENT
<ol type="A"> <li>Brushes <ol> <li>Use nylon bristle brushes for water-based paints.</li> <li>Use natural bristle brushes (pre-conditioned by soaking in linseed oil for 24 hours) for oil-based paints.</li> <li>Do NOT use the same brush for different types of paint.</li> </ol> </li> <li>Low Pressure Water Spray Equipment</li> <li>Paint Rollers (synthetic or lambswool) and Paint Tray</li> <li>Low Pressure Paint Sprayer, equipped with solvent-resistant fittings and hoses if required.</li> <li>Clean metal and plastic containers for mixing</li> </ol> =EXECUTION=

GENERAL
<ol type="A"> <li>Methods: Methods used for preparation of historic metal surfaces for painting shall be the gentlest possible to achieve the desired results. Do not damage historic substrate materials in the process of surface preparations. If directed by the supervising Architect or required by the contract documents, collect and analyze samples of the existing paint finishes for the purpose of documentation or matching Nonferrous metal and stainless steel surfaces are not to be painted unless required for aesthetic reasons.</li> <li>Cleaning: <ol> <li>Clean surfaces to be painted so that they are free of grease, dirt, dust and other foreign matter before application of paint. After cleaning, the surfaces are required to exhibit a surface disfigurement rating of seven or greater when evaluated in accordance with ASTM D 3274. Clean dirt and surface contaminants by brush with solutions of water and detergent or trisodium phosphate, then rinse clean with water and allow to dry. If surfaces on which mildew or other microbiological growth are present, clean with a detergent solution containing household bleach or a biocidal additive. Remove oil and grease with clean cloths and cleaning solvents prior to mechanical cleaning. Cleaning solvents shall be of low toxicity with a flashpoint in excess of 100 degrees F. Prepare for cleaning so that dust and other contaminants will not fall on newly prepared or newly painted surfaces.</li> <li>Clean metal surfaces of foreign matter. Remove grease, oil, and other soluble contaminants by solvent cleaning. Surfaces shall be free from soiling and corrosion (e.g., grease, oil, solder flux, welding flux, weld spatter, sand, rust, scale, and other contaminants that might interfere with the application of the new finish.) Use gentlest cleaning methods to achieve the desired result. Never use abrasive methods to clean metals that are soft, thin or exhibit fine detail. Reclean prior to painting if there is evidence of corrosion or contamination on a previously cleaned surface. <li>Ferrous Metals: Mechanically clean ferrous surfaces that contain loose rust, loose mill scale, and other foreign substances with hand tools, power tools, or by blast cleaning. Protect shop-coated ferrous surfaces from corrosion by treating and touching up corroded areas immediately upon detection.</li> <li>Metallic Surfaces: Solvent-clean nonferrous galvanized metals, lead, copper, and other nonferrous metal surfaces.</li> <li>Aluminum: Treat aluminum surfs per ASTM D 1730 or ASTM D 1731. Do not use steel wool, steel brushes, or uninhibited caustic etching solutions on aluminum.</li> <li>Zinc: Clean zinc surfaces, including zinc-coated substrates, prior to painting as follows: degrease, soak in a mild and inhibited alkaline cleaner, rinse with clean flowing water, clean anodically in an acid (e.g., 0.25 to 0.75 percent sulfuric acid), and rinse with clean flowing water.</li> </ol> </li> <li>Existing Paint: Test existing paint for adhesion to substrate per ASTM D 3359, Test Method A. The existing paint requires a rating of four or better in order to be considered sound. Consider existing paint meeting this requirement to be a satisfactory base for repainting.</li> <li>Paint Removal: Remove flaking, cracking, blistering, peeling or otherwise deteriorated paint by scraping with hand scrapers. After scraping, remove large areas of paint or paint on architectural details by using heat guns, heat plates, sanders, or chemical paint removers. Remove paint to bare substrate or first sound paint layer. Do not use open flame heat devices. Do not damage or mar the substrate material with mechanical paint removal techniques. <li>Chemical Paint Removers: Use in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations. If chemical strippers are used, neutralize substrate after stripping to a pH between 5 and 8.5.</li> <li>Lead Paint: In preparing of lead-based painted surfaces for repainting, follow procedures described in UFGS 02-83-19.00 10, “Lead Based Paint Hazard Abatement, Target Housing & Child Occupied Facilities.”</li> </ol> </li> </ol> </li> <li>Surface Preparation: <ol> <li>After cleaning and removal of deteriorated paint, feather-edge and sand smooth the edges of remaining chipped paint.</li> <li>Repair damaged areas such as, but not limited to, nail holes, cracks, chips, and spalls with suitable material to match adjacent undamaged areas. Roughen slick surfaces.</li> <li>Clean rusty metal surfaces. After cleaning, these surfaces shall be free of all loose and powdered rust.</li> <li>Remove chalk so that when tested in accordance with ASTM D 4214, the chalk resistance rating is no less than eight. New, proposed coatings shall be compatible with existing coatings.</li> </ol> </li> <li>Primers and Intermediate Coats: Do not allow primers or intermediate coats to dry longer than recommended by manufacturer, before applying subsequent coats. Follow manufacturer's recommendations for surface preparation if primers or intermediate coats are allowed to dry longer than recommended by manufacturers of subsequent coatings. Cover the surface of the preceding coat or surface completely with the new coat; The new coat should be visually different than successive coats.</li> <li>Apply paint as follows: <ol> <li>Apply number of coats of paint in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.</li> <li>Stir material thoroughly to produce a uniform mixture.</li> <li>Thin material for workability and improved spray characteristics according to the manufacturer's instructions.</li> <li>Apply paints and coatings by brush, roller, or spray.</li> <li>Apply each coat uniformly at the minimum wet-film thickness specified by the manufacturer. Make sure each coat of material is free of runs, sags, bubbles, foreign contaminants, dry overspray, brush and roller marks, holidays (missed areas), variations in color, gloss, and texture, or other evidence of poor application.</li> <li>Give special attention when coating sharp edges, corners, and crevices to ensure complete coverage.</li> <li>Finish coats shall show good hiding characteristics and uniform appearance.</li> <li>Protect newly painted surfaces from damage.</li> </ol> </li> <li>Correction: Spot-painting to correct damaged surfaces will be allowed only when the touchup area blends into the surrounding finish. Otherwise, the entire area shall be recoated. Touchup shall be accomplished using the same method of application as was used to apply the original material.</li> </ol>

PREPARATION/APPLICATION OF INORGANIC PAINT
<ol type="A"> <li>This system is to be composed of an inorganic zinc silicate primer with a vinyl finish coat or an intermediate tie coat followed by a high-build aliphatic urethane finish coat. Apply the finish coat as specified on the plans. The intermediate tie coat is one recommended by the manufacturer of the top coat.</li> <li>Order all coatings used in this system from the same manufacturer to insure compatibility.</li> <li>See manufacturers’ specifications for application information.</li> </ol>

FINAL REPORT
<ol type="A"> <li>Provide a final report of completed work, including all approved submittals, existing conditions survey of historic metal to be painted and photographs of the treated areas taken before, during and after the executed work.</li> </ol>