Clamp kiln

A clamp kiln or, simply clamp is a kiln only used for burning bricks and less frequently for tiles. Strictly, it is not a kiln, as there is no permanent structure; the bricks to be burned are arranged in such a manner, with layers of coke and other fuel, such that when they are covered with a temporary casing of bricks, the whole resembles a continuous kiln. (Bourry & Searle 1919)

A clamp may also be defined as:
 * 1) a large mass of bricks generally quadrangular in plan, and six, seven, or eight feet high, arranged in the brick field for burning, which is effected by flues prepared in stocking the clamp, and breeze and cinders laid between each course of bricks;
 * 2) an oblong kiln, with a foundation of common bricks, or place bricks, with a fireplace on the Western face and flues filled with a mixture of cokes, and wood pressed together (Gwilt 1867)
 * 3) a simple kiln made of bricks and used on temporary sites of brick-making (Hamilton 1978)
 * 4) a kiln constructed, except for permanent foundations, of the bricks that are to be fired, together with combustible refuse and breeze. Stock bricks in the London area were formerly fired exclusively in clamps but these produced only about 50% of first quality bricks and were replaced by annular or tunnel kilns (Dodd & Murfin 1994)